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一种基于Caco-2细胞单层膜的筛选抵抗特定代谢性疾病益生菌的模型 Article

刘阳, 彭江, 朱诗雅, 于雷雷, 田丰伟, 赵建新, 张灏, 陈卫, 翟齐啸

《工程（英文）》 2023年第25卷第6期页码 222-233 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.02.014

摘要：本研究采用肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）和酒精处理的Caco-2细胞单层膜模型，评价了139株乳杆菌在体外对肠道屏障功能的影响。体外细胞模型和体内动物模型数据的关联性分析显示，两种疾病模型下的Pearson系数分别为0.82和－0.97，表明使用体外细胞模型模拟益生菌在体内的保护作用是可靠的。本研究建立了一种基于Caco-2细胞单层膜模型的体外方法，用于高效筛选可以抵抗特定代谢疾病（如骨质疏松症和慢性酒精性肝病）的益生菌。

关键词：乳杆菌肠道屏障 Caco-2细胞筛选模型代谢性疾病

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Formation of CaCO hollow microspheres in carbonated distiller waste from Solvay soda ash plants

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》页码 1659-1671 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2173-z

摘要： For decades, distiller waste and CO₂ were not the first choice for production of high valued products. Here, CaCO₃ hollow microspheres, a high-value product was synthesized from such a reaction system. The synthetic methods, the formation mechanism and operational cost were discussed. When 2.5 L·min^–1·L^–1 CO₂ was flowed into distiller waste (pH = 11.4), spheres with 4–13 μm diameters and about 2 μm shell thickness were obtained. It is found that there is a transformation of CaCO₃ particles from solid-cubic nuclei to hollow spheres. Firstly, the Ca(OH)₂ in the distiller waste stimulated the nucleation of calcite with a non-template effect and further maintained the calcite form and prevented the formation of vaterite. Therefore, in absence of auxiliaries, the formation of hollow structures mainly depended on the growth and aging of CaCO₃. Studies on the crystal morphology and its changes during the growth process point to the inside–out Ostwald effect in the formation of hollow spheres. Change in chemical properties of the bulk solution caused changes in interfacial tension and interfacial energy, which promoted the morphological transformation of CaCO₃ particles from cubic calcite to spherical clusters. Finally, the flow process for absorption of CO₂ by distiller waste was designed and found profitable.

关键词： distiller waste CO₂ hollow microsphere CaCO₃ Ca(OH)₂ inside−out Ostwald effect

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Investigation on multiple-melting behavior of nano-CaCO3/polypropylene composites

LIN Zhidan, ZENG Chunlian, MAI Kancheng

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 81-86 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0017-5

摘要： The multiple melting-peak behavior of polypropylene (PP) in nano-CaCO/PP composites and modified nano-CaCO/PP composites were investigated under the condition of isothermal crystallization and nonisothermal crystallization. The result indicated that the addition of nano-CaCO markedly increased the crystallization temperatures of PP and induced the formation of the β-crystal of PP. The crystallization temperatures of nano-CaCO/PP composites modified by reactive monomers were further increased, but the melting-peak intensity of the β-crystal of PP was not greatly influenced. While in the presence of dicumyl peroxide, nano-CaCO/PP composites modified by reactive monomers led to the significant increase in the melting-peak intensity of the β-crystal of PP. The double melting-peak of PP was observed, which was attributed to the formation of two kinds of different crystallization forms of α-crystal or β-crystal during the crystallization of PP. With the increase of crystallization temperatures, the double melting-peak moved toward the high-temperature side. The intensity of high-temperature melting peak was higher than that of low-temperature melting peak in nano-CaCO/PP composites. While in modified nano-CaCO/PP composites crystallized at higher temperature, the intensity of high-temperature melting peak was lower than that of low-temperature melting peak. The isothermal crystallization time had little effect on the melting temperatures.

关键词： polypropylene nano-CaCO/PP presence melting-peak behavior low-temperature

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Fluoride ions adsorption from water by CaCO enhanced Mn–Fe mixed metal oxides

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 236-248 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2193-8

摘要： Novel CaCO₃-enhanced Mn–Fe mixed metal oxides (CMFC) were successfully prepared for the first time by a simple-green hydrothermal strategy without any surfactant or template combined with calcination process. These oxides were then employed as an adsorbent for adsorptive removal of excess fluoride ions. The adsorbent was characterized by SEM, XPS, XRD, FTIR, and BET analysis techniques. The adsorption property of CMFC toward fluoride ion was analyzed by batch experiments. In fact, CMFC exhibited adsorption capacity of 227.3 mg∙g^‒1 toward fluoride ion. Results showed that ion exchange, electrostatic attraction and chemical adsorption were the main mechanism for the adhesion of large amount of fluoride ion on the CMFC surface, and the high adsorption capacity responded to the low pH of the adsorption system. When the fluoride ion concentration was increased from 20 to 200 mg∙L^‒1, Langmuir model was more in line with experimental results. The change of fluoride ion adsorption with respect to time was accurately described by pseudo-second-order kinetics. After five cycles of use, the adsorbent still maintains a performance of 70.6% of efficiency, compared to the fresh adsorbent. Therefore, this material may act as a potential candidate for adsorbent with broad range of application prospects.

关键词： mesoporous materials metal oxides fluoride ion adsorption mechanism

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A novel approach in preparing polymer/nano-CaCO composites

LIU Zhengying, YU Runze, YANG Mingbo, FENG Jianmin, YANG Wei, YIN Bo

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 115-122 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0020-5

摘要： An novel compounding process using nano-CaCO aqueous suspension for preparing polymer/nano-CaCO composites with nanoparticles dispersed at the nanoscale is reported. The process is called the mild mixing method. In this method, the pre-dispersed nanoparticle suspensions are blended with melting polymers in a weak shearing field using an extruder, followed by removing the water from the vent. The four typical polymeric nanocomposites were prepared by mild mixing method. The dispersion of nano-CaCO in the matrix of the polymer at the nanoscale was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The molecular weights of polycarbonate (PC) and its nanocomposite showed that the degradation had not occurred during the mild mixing processing. The mechanical properties of the composite with 1.5 wt-% nano-CaCO improve slightly. It proved that this approach is suitable for the preparation of nanocomposites based on both polar and non-polar polymers.

关键词： preparation suitable nano-CaCO pre-dispersed nanoparticle processing

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王睿：硫化氢促进脂肪细胞分化、增生和肥大（2023年2月21日）

2023年03月02日

关键词：营养健康

量子点细胞自动机中四值逻辑门的设计与模拟新概念 Research Articles

Alireza NAVIDI1, Reza SABBAGHI-NADOOSHAN2, Massoud DOUSTI1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第11期页码 1441-1550 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000590

摘要：量子点细胞自动机（QCA）等新技术已展现出一些深亚微米标准互补金属氧化物半导体无法提供的显著特性。用QCA进行系统建模和设计多值逻辑门，可使复杂逻辑电路设计更加便捷。该概念已在本团队专为四值QCA模型开发的量子点细胞自动模拟器（QCASim）中设定。

关键词：量子点细胞自动机（QCA）；四值逻辑；量子点细胞自动模拟器（QCASim）；四值QCA（QQCA）；四值译码器；四值门

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诱导性多潜能干细胞(iPS)研究：现状与展望

韩为东,赵亚力,付小兵

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第5期页码 81-87

摘要：

通过特定的基因组合与转染可以将已分化的体细胞诱导重编程为多潜能干细胞（iPS），是近年来干细胞研究领域最令人瞩目的一项新的干细胞制造技术。与胚胎干细胞（ES）不同，iPS细胞的制造不需要毁损胚胎，因而不会涉及更多的伦理学问题。iPS的出现不仅为体细胞重编程去分化机制的研究注入了新的活力，而且为疾病发生发展相关机制研究与特异的细胞治疗，特别是再生医学带来新的曙光。

关键词：体细胞重编程 iPS细胞

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硫化氢促进脂肪细胞分化、增生和肥大 Article

Richa Verma, 傅明, 杨广东, 吴凌云, 王睿

《工程（英文）》 2023年第20卷第1期页码 36-48 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.09.010

摘要：然而，H₂S 对肥胖症发展的综合致病作用及其潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究发现降低的内源性H₂S水平降低了小鼠脂肪细胞中的脂质积累。在脂肪形成诱导6 d 后，外源性H₂S 处理显著增加了原代小鼠前脂肪细胞的脂肪生成。在脂肪生成的早
期阶段，H₂S增加细胞增殖并为细胞增生做好准备。H₂S处理10 d 后，前脂肪细胞的细胞表面积和直径明显增大，表明细胞肥大。随着营养过载和高葡萄糖/胰岛素孵化，H₂S 进一步刺激葡萄糖消耗并恶化脂肪细胞肥大。em>）和细胞分裂周期（Cdc45）]和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶2 蛋白（Cdk2），调节细胞增殖。

关键词：脂肪形成脂肪细胞气态递质葡萄糖硫化氢胰岛素脂质肥胖症

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王宁：CPAL一种新的心肌细胞代谢改变和焦亡调节剂（2023年2月21日）

2023年03月02日

关键词：营养健康

人类诱导性多能干细胞稳定生产的最新进展 Review

Ikki Horiguchi, Masahiro Kino-oka

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第2期页码 144-152 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.01.001

摘要：

诱导性多能干细胞（iPSC）在许多方面，如再生医学和药物筛选方面，是理想的细胞来源，其开发前景广阔但是，目前还没有一种有效的大规模生产系统来确保诱导性多能干细胞的稳定供应。本文综述了近年来为了实现诱导性多能干细胞的稳定生产所采取的方法。本文首先讨论了诱导性多能干细胞培养过程中需要控制的因素，如养分供应、废物清除和氧气供应。然后，介绍了基于黏附、悬浮和支架的诱导性多能干细胞培养系统的最新研究。本文还讨论了细胞培养阶段之后进行的过程，如灌装和冻存过程，由于细胞悬浮液在超低温保存培养基中存活率降低，所以其生产规模受到了限制。本文表明为了获得最佳且稳定的大规模生产诱导性多能干细胞系统，运用多学科研究手段对研究影响细胞生长和质量的复杂因素是至关重要的。

关键词：诱导性多能干细胞细胞生产扩增灌装冻存

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基于细胞内应变评估的卵母细胞去核方法及其在机器人化克隆中的应用 Article

孙明竹, 刘曜玮, 崔茂盛, 赵启立, 赵相飞, 张艺荻, 黄晶晶, 卢桂章, 赵新

《工程（英文）》 2023年第24卷第5期页码 73-83 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.016

摘要：体细胞核移植技术是动物克隆的核心，其操作过程非常复杂，不可避免地造成细胞内损伤。通常来说，只有不到1%的重构胚胎能够发育成克隆动物，克隆的低成功率是制约其广泛应用的主要原因之一。为此，本文提
出了一种基于细胞内应变评估的卵母细胞去核方法，以减少体细胞核移植中的潜在细胞内损伤，从而提高克隆成功率。首先，根据细胞内速度场计算细胞内应变，进而将内应变作为评价标准来改进去核操作；在此基础上，开发了一套机器人批量体细胞核移植系统，用于实现机器人化克隆。实验结果表明，本文方法将体细胞核移植后的胚胎囊胚率从10.0%提高到20.8%，并成功获得17 头克隆小猪。这是世界上首批由机器人完成克隆操作获得的克隆动物。与此同时，基于细胞内应变的去核方法有望应用于其他生物操作，并建立一种通用的减少细胞内损伤的细胞操作规范。

关键词：卵母细胞去核机器人化克隆细胞内应变细胞内损伤光流法

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osmosis coupled with lime-soda ash softening for volume minimization of reverse osmosis concentrate and CaCO

Jiandong Lu, Shijie You, Xiuheng Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1301-6

摘要： Abstract • Forward osmosis (FO) coupled with chemical softening for CCI ROC minimization • Effective removal of scale precursor ions by lime-soda ash softening • Enhanced water recovery from 54% to 86% by mitigation of FO membrane scaling • High-purity CaCO3 was recovered from the softening sludge • Membrane cleaning efficiency of 88.5% was obtained by EDTA for softened ROC Reverse osmosis (RO) is frequently used for water reclamation from treated wastewater or desalination plants. The RO concentrate (ROC) produced from the coal chemical industry (CCI) generally contains refractory organic pollutants and extremely high-concentration inorganic salts with a dissolved solids content of more than 20 g/L contributed by inorganic ions, such as Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, and SO42−. To address this issue, in this study, we focused on coupling forward osmosis (FO) with chemical softening (FO-CS) for the volume minimization of CCI ROC and the recovery of valuable resources in the form of CaCO3. In the case of the real raw CCI ROC, softening treatment by lime-soda ash was shown to effectively remove Ca2+/Ba2+ (>98.5%) and Mg2+/Sr2+/Si (>80%), as well as significantly mitigate membrane scaling during FO. The softened ROC and raw ROC corresponded to a maximum water recovery of 86% and 54%, respectively. During cyclic FO tests (4 × 10 h), a 27% decline in the water flux was observed for raw ROC, whereas only 4% was observed for softened ROC. The cleaning efficiency using EDTA was also found to be considerably higher for softened ROC (88.5%) than that for raw ROC (49.0%). In addition, CaCO3 (92.2% purity) was recovered from the softening sludge with an average yield of 5.6 kg/m3 treated ROC. This study provides a proof-of-concept demonstration of the FO-CS coupling process for ROC volume minimization and valuable resources recovery, which makes the treatment of CCI ROC more efficient and more economical.

关键词： Coal chemical industry Forward osmosis Chemical softening Reverse osmosis concentrate

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巨噬细胞在器官移植急性排斥反应中的双重作用 Review

谭亮, 郭易难, 冯畅, 侯仰潇, 谢续标, 赵勇

《工程（英文）》 2022年第10卷第3期页码 21-29 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.10.015

摘要：巨噬细胞是重要的天然免疫细胞；在发生排斥反应的同种异基因移植器官中，巨噬细胞也是浸润的众多免疫细胞之一。巨噬细胞的浸润与器官移植的短期和长期效果呈负相关。在功能方面，巨噬细胞具有异质性和可塑性。在器官移植排斥反应中，巨噬细胞可以为适应性免疫提呈同种异基因抗原以及提供共刺激信号和细胞因子，也可以直接损伤移植器官。尽管目前研究人员已认识到巨噬细胞在移植器官损伤过程中的潜在作用，但他们对巨噬细胞在移植排斥反应中的不同作用关注不够。为此，本文就巨噬细胞在急性移植免疫反应中的独特作用以及免疫抑制剂对巨噬细胞的影响进行了综述和讨论。通过分析发现，对于巨噬细胞在移植免疫中的作用的相关研究中，应更多地关注其复杂性和关键功能，并应更多地致力于开发针对巨噬细胞的免疫抑制药物，并使之有利于提高移植器官的长期存活率和移植免疫耐受的建立。

关键词：巨噬细胞移植耐受排斥反应调节性巨噬细胞

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细胞行为在基质刚性和纳米拓扑结构上的生物物理调控 Review

Yong Yang, Kai Wang, 顾晓松,Kam W. Leong

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第1期页码 36-54 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.014

摘要：

细胞外基质(ECM) 的刚性和纳米拓扑结构影响生物体发育及生理和病理进程因此，这些生物物理特征被用于调节细胞黏附铺展至增殖、分化的各种细胞行为。描述细胞行为的生物物理调节对合理设计新型生物材料植入物和医疗装置十分关键已有学者就基质刚和纳米拓扑结构特征对细胞行为的影响分别进行了综述，然，刚和纳米拓扑结构与细胞行为的交织影响尚未有人总结。此次，我们首次综述了基质刚性和纳米拓扑结构对细胞行为的影响，然后聚焦于生物物理信号从整合素到细胞核的细胞内传，并试图将细胞行为的细胞外调节与基质的生物物理学特征联系在起最后，我们讨论了在剖析细胞行为的生物物理调节和将基质的刚和纳米拓扑结构生物力学特转化到组织工程和再生医学时存在的挑战